Jsoup is an open source Java HTML parsing library used to extract and manipulate data from web pages. It provides a simple and convenient way to process HTML, and can implement web crawlers in Java. The advantages of Jsoup include: 1. Easy to use: Jsoup provides a simple API that makes extracting data from HTML very easy. 2. Efficient: Jsoup uses optimized algorithms internally, which can quickly parse and process HTML documents. 3. Support CSS selectors: CSS selectors like jQuery can be used to locate and operate HTML element. 4. Supports HTML5: Jsoup has good parsing and processing support for HTML5, and can handle complex HTML structures. 5. Reliable and stable: Jsoup has been widely used and validated after years of development and testing. To use Jsoup in a Java project, the following dependencies need to be added to the Maven configuration file (pom. xml) of the project: ```xml <dependency> <groupId>org.jsoup</groupId> <artifactId>jsoup</artifactId> <version>1.14.1</version> </dependency> ``` The following is an example of Java code that uses Jsoup to implement web crawling: ```java import org.jsoup.Jsoup; import org.jsoup.nodes.Document; import org.jsoup.nodes.Element; import org.jsoup.select.Elements; import java.io.IOException; public class WebCrawler { public static void main(String[] args) { String URL=“ https://example.com Web page URL try { //Using Jsoup to connect to a web page and retrieve document objects Document document = Jsoup.connect(url).get(); //Using CSS selectors to locate the elements that need to be extracted Elements links = document.select("a[href]"); //Traverse the extracted link and output for (Element link : links) { String href = link.attr("href"); System.out.println(href); } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } ``` The above code uses Jsoup to connect to the specified webpage, obtains the document object of the webpage, locates all link elements through CSS selectors, and outputs the URL of the link. Summary: Jsoup is a powerful and easy-to-use Java HTML parsing library that can easily implement web crawling. It has the advantages of simplicity, efficiency, and support for CSS selectors, making it suitable for various tasks that require extracting data from web pages.

HtmlUnit is a Java based open source framework used to simulate browser behavior and retrieve web page content. It provides a browser like interface that can execute JavaScript, process HTML form, and parse and process web content. Here are some advantages and disadvantages of HtmlUnit: Advantages: 1. It has strong JavaScript support and can execute JavaScript code in web pages. 2. It is possible to obtain complete web page content, including JavaScript generated content and asynchronously loaded content. 3. It simplifies the processing of HTML form, and can simulate the user's operations on the web page, such as entering text, selecting drop-down menu, etc. 4. Support CSS selectors, making it easy to locate and extract elements from web pages. 5. It provides a set of powerful APIs that can be used to write various types of crawlers and Test automation. Disadvantages: Due to simulating browser behavior, HtmlUnit runs slower. 2. Due to the need to execute JavaScript, complex web pages may experience parsing errors or require additional configuration. 3. For some dynamic content web pages, there may be missing information in the obtained web page content. In Java projects built using Maven, the following dependencies need to be added to use HtmlUnit: ```xml <dependency> <groupId>net.sourceforge.htmlunit</groupId> <artifactId>htmlunit</artifactId> <version>2.49.0</version> </dependency> ``` The following is a complete Java code example of a web crawler implemented using HtmlUnit: ```java import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.WebClient; import com.gargoylesoftware.htmlunit.html.HtmlPage; public class WebCrawler { public static void main(String[] args) { String url = "https://www.example.com"; //Creating WebClient Objects try (WebClient webClient = new WebClient()) { //Set relevant parameters WebClient. getOptions(). setJavaScriptEnabled (true)// Enable JavaScript WebClient. getOptions(). setCssEnabled (false)// Disable CSS //Initiate a request to obtain webpage content HtmlPage page = webClient.getPage(url); //Parsing and processing webpage content String pageTitle = page.getTitleText(); System.out.println("Page Title: " + pageTitle); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } ``` The above code implements a simple webpage crawler that uses HtmlUnit to retrieve the webpage content of the specified URL and print the webpage title. In the code, first create a WebClient object and then set relevant parameters, such as enabling JavaScript and disabling CSS. Next, use the getPage method to initiate the request and retrieve the webpage content. Finally, obtain the title of the webpage through the getTitleText method and print it out. Summary: HtmlUnit is a powerful Java framework used to simulate browser behavior and retrieve web page content. It provides a convenient interface and a powerful API for writing various types of crawlers and Test automation. However, due to its ability to simulate browser behavior, it runs slowly and may require additional configuration for complex web pages. When using HtmlUnit, it is necessary to set relevant parameters according to specific needs, and parse and process webpage content based on the structure of the webpage.

Selenium is a Test automation tool that can simulate the user's operation in the browser to test and verify the site. However, it can also be used to crawl data from Dynamic web page. Advantages: 1. Can handle JavaScript rendered pages: Selenium can execute JavaScript and wait for the page to fully load before proceeding, so it can crawl web pages that require JavaScript rendering. 2. Support for multiple browsers: Selenium supports multiple browsers, including Chrome, Firefox, Safari, etc., which enables it to run on different browsers. 3. Provide rich APIs: Selenium provides rich APIs to operate web pages, including searching for elements, simulating clicks, inputting text, etc., which can easily simulate user operations. Disadvantages: 1. Slow running: Due to Selenium simulating user operations, its running speed is relatively slow. 2. Browser dependency: Selenium needs to rely on the browser to perform operations, install browser drivers, and occupy a certain amount of system resources. When using Selenium for web crawling, the following Maven dependencies need to be added: ```xml <!-- Selenium WebDriver --> <dependency> <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId> <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId> <version>3.141.59</version> </dependency> <-- Select the corresponding driver based on the browser used --> <!-- Chrome --> <dependency> <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId> <artifactId>selenium-chrome-driver</artifactId> <version>3.141.59</version> </dependency> <!-- Firefox --> <dependency> <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId> <artifactId>selenium-firefox-driver</artifactId> <version>3.141.59</version> </dependency> <!-- Safari --> <dependency> <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId> <artifactId>selenium-safari-driver</artifactId> <version>3.141.59</version> </dependency> ``` The following is a sample Java code for crawling Dynamic web page data using Selenium: ```java import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver; import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions; public class WebScraper { public static void main(String[] args) { //Set Browser Driver Path System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", "path_to_chrome_driver"); //Create a ChromeDriver instance ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions(); Options. addArguments ("-- headless")// Headless mode without displaying browser interface WebDriver driver = new ChromeDriver(options); //Open target webpage driver.get("http://example.com"); //Perform page operations, such as simulating clicks, entering text, etc //Crawling the required data String data = driver.findElement(By.className("data-class")).getText(); System.out.println(data); //Close browser window driver.quit(); } } ``` The above code first sets the browser driver path through 'System. setProperty', and then creates a ChromeDriver instance` ChromeOptions' can be used to configure browser options, such as setting headless mode '-- headless' to not display the browser interface. Next, use the 'driver. get' method to open the target webpage, and then perform page operations such as searching for elements, simulating clicks, entering text, etc. Finally, close the browser window through 'driver. quit'. Summary: Selenium is a powerful Test automation tool that can also be used to crawl data from Dynamic web page. It can simulate user operations in browsers, support multiple browsers, and provide rich APIs to operate web pages. However, Selenium runs slowly and relies on browser drivers.

WebMagic is a Java based web crawler framework that helps developers quickly and easily write efficient web crawler programs. The advantages of this framework include: 1. Easy to use: WebMagic provides a concise API, where users only need to focus on business logic without worrying about details such as underlying network communication and page parsing. 2. Efficient and fast: WebMagic adopts an asynchronous, non blocking architecture that can efficiently crawl a large amount of web page data. 3. Rich functionality: WebMagic provides powerful page parsing capabilities, supporting commonly used page parsing methods such as XPaths and CSS selectors. At the same time, WebMagic also supports commonly used web crawler functions such as automatic login, proxy settings, and cookie management. 4. Strong scalability: WebMagic provides a pluggable architecture, allowing users to customize various functional extensions according to their own needs. The drawbacks of WebMagic include: For beginners, getting started may have some difficulty. 2. Lack of comprehensive documentation and community support, with relatively few case studies and sample codes. When using WebMagic, the following Maven dependencies need to be added to the pom.xml file of the project: ```xml <dependency> <groupId>us.codecraft</groupId> <artifactId>webmagic-core</artifactId> <version>0.8.3</version> </dependency> ``` The following is a complete Java code example that demonstrates how to use WebMagic to implement a simple web crawler to crawl questions and answers on Zhihu: ```java import us.codecraft.webmagic.Page; import us.codecraft.webmagic.Site; import us.codecraft.webmagic.Spider; import us.codecraft.webmagic.processor.PageProcessor; public class ZhihuProcessor implements PageProcessor { private Site site = Site.me().setRetryTimes(3).setSleepTime(1000); @Override public void process(Page page) { //Capture problem titles String question = page.getHtml().xpath("//h1/text()").get(); //Capture answer content String answer = page.getHtml().xpath("//div[@class='zm-editable-content']/text()").get(); //Print Results System. out. println ("Question:"+question); System. out. println ("Answer:"+answer); } @Override public Site getSite() { return site; } public static void main(String[] args) { Spider.create(new ZhihuProcessor()) .addUrl("https://www.zhihu.com/question/123456") .run(); } } ``` In this example, we defined a ZhihuProcessor class, implemented the PageProcessor interface, and rewritten the process method to handle the captured page data. In the process method, we use an XPath selector to grab the question title and answer content on the page and print it out. In the main method, we use the Spider class to create a crawler and run it, add the page URL to be crawled through the addUrl method, and then call the run method to start crawling. Summary: WebMagic is a powerful, easy-to-use, and efficient Java web crawler framework that can help developers quickly write crawler programs. Through concise APIs and rich functionality, developers can easily implement various web crawler tasks. However, WebMagic may have a certain Learning curve for novices, and there is relatively little documentation and community support.

Nutch is an open-source web crawler framework based on Java, designed to provide a scalable, efficient, and flexible way to crawl and process large-scale web data. Here are some advantages and disadvantages of the Nutch framework: Advantages: 1. High scalability: The Nutch framework supports a plug-in architecture, allowing for easy addition of new components and functions based on actual needs. 2. Efficiency: Nutch adopts a multi-threaded approach for web crawling, which can quickly and concurrently process a large amount of web data. 3. Flexibility: Nutch supports various customizations through configuration files, such as crawling policies, URL filtering rules, etc. 4. Community Support: Nutch is an open source project with an active community that provides access to many useful documentation and community support. Disadvantages: 1. The Learning curve is steep: The Learning curve of the Nutch framework is relatively steep, which requires some time and resources to get familiar with and understand its functions and working principles. The following is a sample Java code for implementing a simple web crawler, using the core components and related configurations of the Nutch framework: Firstly, the following dependencies need to be added to Maven: ```xml <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.nutch</groupId> <artifactId>nutch-core</artifactId> <version>1.17</version> </dependency> </dependencies> ``` Next, you can use the following Java code sample to complete a simple web crawler: ```java import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration; import org.apache.nutch.crawl.InjectorJob; import org.apache.nutch.fetcher.FetcherJob; import org.apache.nutch.parse.ParserJob; import org.apache.nutch.util.NutchConfiguration; public class NutchCrawler { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { Configuration conf = NutchConfiguration.create(); //1 Inject URL InjectorJob injector = new InjectorJob(conf); injector.inject("urls", true, true); //2 Crawl web pages FetcherJob fetcher = new FetcherJob(conf); fetcher.fetch("crawl", "-depth", "3"); //3 Parsing web pages ParserJob parser = new ParserJob(conf); parser.parse("crawl"); System.exit(0); } } ``` The above code implements a simple crawling process: 1. Use the InjectorJob class to inject URLs into the crawler. 2. Use the FetcherJob class to crawl web page data. 3. Use the ParserJob class to parse the captured web page data. Finally, add more features and configurations according to actual needs, such as URL filtering, adding custom parsers, etc. Using Nutch's plugin mechanism allows for easy extension and customization. Summary: Nutch is a powerful Java web crawler framework with high scalability, efficiency, and flexibility. By using Nutch, we can easily implement a fully functional web crawler and configure and customize it according to actual needs. However, learning and understanding the working principles and functions of Nutch requires a certain amount of time and resource investment.

WebHarvest is an open source Java framework for obtaining structured data from the World Wide Web. It supports defining crawl rules in an explicit manner, using XPaths and regular expressions for data extraction, thereby transforming data from web pages into structured data, such as XML or Java objects. The advantages of WebHarvest include: 1. Easy to use: WebHarvest provides a concise crawling rule definition language, making it easy to write and maintain crawlers. 2. Powerful data extraction function: WebHarvest supports XPaths and regular expressions, making data extraction flexible and powerful. 3. Scalability: WebHarvest supports custom plugins, which can easily extend its functionality. 4. Multi threading support: WebHarvest can run multiple crawling tasks simultaneously, improving the efficiency of crawling. 5. Support for multiple data formats: WebHarvest can convert the captured data into various formats such as XML and JSON. The drawbacks of WebHarvest include: 1. Slow update: WebHarvest is a relatively old framework, although powerful, its latest version has been released less frequently and updates are slow. 2. Complicated configuration: For some complex web page structures, it is necessary to have a deep understanding of XPaths and regular expressions, and the configuration may be slightly complex. To use WebHarvest, the following dependencies need to be added to Maven: ```xml <dependency> <groupId>net.webharvest</groupId> <artifactId>webharvest-core</artifactId> <version>2.1</version> </dependency> ``` The following is a simple web crawler Java code example implemented using WebHarvest: ```java import net.webharvest.definition.ScraperConfiguration; import net.webharvest.runtime.Scraper; import net.webharvest.runtime.variables.Variable; import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; public class WebHarvestExample { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { //Load WebHarvest configuration file File configFile = new File("config.xml"); String configXml = FileUtils.readFileToString(configFile, "UTF-8"); //Create a WebHarvest crawler and execute it ScraperConfiguration scraperConfiguration = new ScraperConfiguration(configXml); Scraper scraper = new Scraper(scraperConfiguration); scraper.execute(); //Obtaining Grab Results Variable variable = scraper.getContext().getVar("result"); if (variable != null) { System.out.println(variable.toString()); } } } ``` The above code assumes the existence of a configuration file called "config. xml", in which WebHarvest's crawling rules can be defined. Summary: WebHarvest is a powerful and easy-to-use Java crawler framework that helps developers easily extract structured data from web pages. Although WebHarvest updates slowly and may be cumbersome to configure, it is a mature and stable framework suitable for most simple to medium complexity crawling tasks.

Crawler4j is an open-source Java based web crawler framework that provides a simple and efficient way to quickly develop web crawler applications. Here are some advantages and disadvantages of this framework. Advantages: 1. Highly configurable: Crawler4j provides various configuration options to flexibly define the logic and rules for crawling pages, allowing developers to customize development according to their own needs. 2. Multi threading support: Crawler4j uses a multi threading mechanism to crawl pages in parallel, improving crawling efficiency and speed. 3. Low memory usage: Crawler4j adopts a memory based URL queue and page caching mechanism, which can effectively manage memory and reduce memory usage. 4. Highly scalable: Crawler4j provides a rich plugin mechanism that allows for easy extension and customization of one's own crawler applications. Disadvantages: 1. Lack of comprehensive documentation and examples: Crawler4j has relatively few official documents and examples, which may pose some learning difficulties for beginners to use. The following is a sample Java code for implementing a simple web crawler using Crawler4j. Firstly, the following dependencies need to be added to the pom.xml file of the Maven project: ```xml <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>edu.uci.ics</groupId> <artifactId>crawler4j</artifactId> <version>x.y.z</version> </dependency> </dependencies> ``` Among them, 'x.y.z' represents the latest version number. Next, we will create a simple crawler class' MyCrawler 'that inherits from' WebCrawler 'and rewrites some core methods. The code is as follows: ```java import java.util.regex.Pattern; import edu.uci.ics.crawler4j.crawler.WebCrawler; import edu.uci.ics.crawler4j.url.WebURL; public class MyCrawler extends WebCrawler { Private final static Pattern FILTERS=Pattern. compile (". * ( . (css | js | gif | jpg) +| png | mp3 | mp4 | zip | gz) $); @Override public boolean shouldVisit(Page referringPage, WebURL url) { String href = url.getURL().toLowerCase(); return !FILTERS.matcher(href).matches() &&Href.startsWith（“ http://www.example.com/ Define URL rules to crawl based on requirements } @Override public void visit(Page page) { //Parse the page and process the data, you can process the data according to your own needs String url = page.getWebURL().getURL(); System.out.println("URL: " + url); if (page.getParseData() instanceof HtmlParseData) { HtmlParseData htmlParseData = (HtmlParseData) page.getParseData(); String text = htmlParseData.getText(); String html = htmlParseData.getHtml(); Set<WebURL> links = htmlParseData.getOutgoingUrls(); //Here for data processing, you can save to a database or write to a file System.out.println("Text length: " + text.length()); System.out.println("Html length: " + html.length()); System.out.println("Number of outgoing links: " + links.size()); } } } ``` Finally, we create a main class' CrawlerApp 'to configure and start the crawler, with the following code: ```java import edu.uci.ics.crawler4j.crawler.CrawlController; import edu.uci.ics.crawler4j.fetcher.PageFetcher; import edu.uci.ics.crawler4j.robotstxt.RobotstxtConfig; import edu.uci.ics.crawler4j.robotstxt.RobotstxtServer; public class CrawlerApp { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { String crawlStorageFolder = "data/crawl"; int numberOfCrawlers = 7; CrawlConfig config = new CrawlConfig(); config.setCrawlStorageFolder(crawlStorageFolder); PageFetcher pageFetcher = new PageFetcher(config); RobotstxtConfig robotstxtConfig = new RobotstxtConfig(); RobotstxtServer robotstxtServer = new RobotstxtServer(robotstxtConfig, pageFetcher); CrawlController controller = new CrawlController(config, pageFetcher, robotstxtServer); Controller. addSeed（“ http://www.example.com/ );//Set the start URL of the crawler Controller. start (MyCrawler. class, numberOfCrawlers)// Start crawler } } ``` In the above code, we use 'CrawlConfig' to configure the relevant parameters of the crawler, such as storage location, crawling speed, etc. Then create 'PageFetcher' and 'RobotstxtConfig' objects to implement page download and Robots.txt processing. Finally, use 'CrawlController' to control the start and stop of the crawler, and configure the start URL and concurrency of the crawler. Summary: Crawler4j is a powerful, highly configurable, and high-performance Java crawler framework. It provides rich functions and flexible extension mechanisms, which can meet the needs of various crawler applications. However, due to the lack of comprehensive documentation and examples, beginners may need to spend some time learning and using the framework.

Jaunt is a Java library for web crawling and automation tasks. It provides a simple and easy-to-use API that enables developers to easily extract data from web pages and perform other automated tasks. Advantages: 1. Easy to use: Jaunt provides a concise API that makes writing and executing web crawlers easy to understand. 2. Support for JavaScript rendering: Jaunt can parse web page content dynamically generated by JavaScript, making it easier to crawl web pages containing JavaScript rendering. 3. Support for multiple data extraction methods: Jaunt supports various data extraction methods, including searching and extracting the required data through tags, attributes, CSS selectors, etc. 4. Support for Form submission and Session management: Jaunt can simulate users filling out forms and submitting on web pages, and can also manage website login and session status through Session objects. Disadvantages: 1. Insufficient flexibility in page parsing: Jaunt's page parsing and data extraction functions are relatively basic and may not meet the needs of some complex web pages. 2. Do not support concurrent crawling: Jaunt is a single thread library and does not support multiple crawling tasks at the same time. Maven Dependency: Add the following dependencies to the pom.xml file of the project to use Jaunt: ```xml <dependency> <groupId>com.jaunt</groupId> <artifactId>jaunt</artifactId> <version>1.0.1</version> </dependency> ``` The following is a simple example of web crawler code implemented by Jaunt, which is used to extract the title and link of search results from Baidu Search engine results page: ```java import com.jaunt.*; import com.jaunt.component.*; public class WebScraper { public static void main(String[] args) { try { UserAgent userAgent=new UserAgent()// Create a UserAgent object to send HTTP requests UserAgent.visit（“ https://www.baidu.com/s?wd=jaunt ");//Request Baidu search results page Elements results=userAgent. doc. findEvery ("h3. t>a")// Use the CSS selector to find the title elements of all search results for (Element result : results) { System. out. println ("Title:"+result. getText())// Output the title of search results System. out. println ("link:"+result. getAt ("href"))// Link to output search results System.out.println(); } } catch (JauntException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } ``` Summary: Jaunt is a convenient Java library for developing web crawlers and automated tasks. It provides a simple and easy-to-use API, and supports functions such as JavaScript rendering, multiple data extraction methods, Form submission, and Session management. However, it has certain limitations on the flexibility of page parsing and does not support concurrent crawling. Using Jaunt can easily implement simple web crawling tasks.

Apache Nutch is an open source web crawler framework used to collect and retrieve information on the network. It provides an extensible architecture that allows for easy addition of new plugins and customized functionality. Advantages: 1. Scalability: Nutch provides a powerful plugin system that easily adds new crawling and parsing rules to meet different crawling needs. 2. Distributed architecture: Nutch can be deployed on multiple servers to achieve distributed crawling and processing, improving the efficiency and reliability of crawling. 3. Highly flexible: Nutch supports multiple data storage and indexing engines, and can choose suitable solutions based on actual needs. 4. Mature ecosystem: Nutch is a framework that has been developed and used for a long time, with a large number of available plugins and tools that can meet most crawling needs. Disadvantages: 1. The Learning curve is steep: Since Nutch provides a wealth of functions and plug-in options, learning and understanding the use and principles of the entire framework requires a certain amount of time and effort. 2. Complex configuration: There are complex dependencies and configuration steps between various components and modules of Nutch, which may take some time to configure and debug for the first time. Maven dependencies that need to be added: ```xml <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.nutch</groupId> <artifactId>nutch-core</artifactId> <version>2.3.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies> ``` The following is a complete Java code sample for implementing a simple web crawler: ```java import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration; import org.apache.nutch.crawl.CrawlDatum; import org.apache.nutch.crawl.Inlinks; import org.apache.nutch.crawl.Outlink; import org.apache.nutch.protocol.Content; import org.apache.nutch.protocol.Protocol; import org.apache.nutch.protocol.ProtocolFactory; import org.apache.nutch.protocol.RobotRules; import org.apache.nutch.protocol.RobotRulesParser; import org.apache.nutch.protocol.http.HttpResponse; import org.apache.nutch.util.NutchConfiguration; import java.net.URL; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; public class WebCrawler { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { //Create Configuration Object Configuration conf = NutchConfiguration.create(); //Create Protocol Factory ProtocolFactory factory = new ProtocolFactory(conf); //Create Start URL URL url = new URL("http://example.com"); //Create Protocol Object Protocol protocol = factory.getProtocol(url); //Get the content of the URL Content content = protocol.getProtocolOutput(url, new CrawlDatum()).getContent(); //Resolve links in URLs List<Outlink> outlinks = protocol.getOutlinks(content, new CrawlDatum()); //Processing the content of URLs // ... //Processing links for URLs // ... //Get the URL's inbound link Inlinks inlinks = protocol.getInlinks(content.getBaseUrl(), new CrawlDatum(), false); //Robot rules for obtaining URLs RobotRulesParser robotParser = new RobotRulesParser(conf); RobotRules robotRules = robotParser.parse(content.getBaseUrl(), content); //Print Results System.out.println("URL: " + url); System.out.println("Content: " + content); System.out.println("Outlinks: " + outlinks); System.out.println("Inlinks: " + inlinks); System.out.println("RobotRules: " + robotRules); } } ``` Summary: By using Apache Nutch, we can easily implement a web crawler. It has rich functions and plugin selection, scalable architecture, and distributed crawling support, suitable for most crawling needs. However, Nutch also has some shortcomings of Learning curve and configuration complexity, which requires a certain amount of time and effort to get familiar with and configure.