How to Implement a Web Program with Struts 2 in Java
Struts 2 is a lightweight Java based web application framework, which is an upgraded version of the Struts framework. It uses MVC (Model View Controller) Architectural pattern to simplify the Web development process, and provides rich functions and easy-to-use APIs.
The following are the advantages of the Struts 2 framework:
1. Simplify the development process: Provides a simple way to handle requests and responses, allowing developers to focus more on the implementation of business logic rather than the underlying details.
2. Support for multiple view technologies: The Struts 2 framework supports multiple view technologies such as JSP, FreeMarker, Velocity, and can easily switch and combine different view technologies.
3. Easy to test: The core components of the framework can be easily verified through unit testing, allowing developers to better test and debug applications.
4. Highly scalable: Provides many extension points and plugin mechanisms, allowing for the addition of custom functions and components as needed.
5. Support for internationalization and localization: The framework has built-in support for internationalization and localization, making it easier to develop applications in multilingual environments.
The drawbacks of Struts 2 are:
1. Relatively complex: compared with other lightweight frameworks, such as Spring MVC, Struts 2 has more configurations and Learning curve.
2. Performance issues: Due to some underlying design and functional characteristics of the framework, it may lead to performance issues, especially in high concurrency environments.
The following is a sample code for a simple web program implemented using the Struts 2 framework:
Firstly, it is necessary to ensure that a dependency on Struts 2 is added to the project's' pom. xml 'file:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.struts</groupId>
<artifactId>struts2-core</artifactId>
<version>2.5.26</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
Then, create an Action class called 'HelloAction. java' to implement the business logic:
package com.example;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class HelloAction extends ActionSupport {
private String message;
public String execute() {
message = "Hello, Struts 2!";
return SUCCESS;
}
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
}
Next, create a JSP page called 'hello. jsp' to display the data:
jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Hello Struts 2</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>${message}</h1>
</body>
</html>
Finally, create a configuration file called 'struts. xml' to configure the mapping relationship between Action and View:
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="default" extends="struts-default">
<action name="hello" class="com.example.HelloAction">
<result>/hello.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
In the above code, the '<result>' tag specifies the jump view after the Action is successfully executed.
You can visit the Struts 2 official website for more in-depth learning and exploration through the following link: [Struts 2 official website]（ https://struts.apache.org/ ）
