How Java uses Jetty to achieve network communication
Jetty is an open source Java based web server and container that can serve as an embedded server for developing and deploying Java web applications, or as a standalone server.
Advantages:
1. Lightweight: Jetty is a lightweight server with a relatively small memory footprint, making it suitable for deployment in resource constrained environments.
2. High performance: Jetty has the characteristic of high performance and can support a large number of concurrent connections.
3. Embedability: Jetty can be embedded into Java applications, allowing applications to provide network services through Jetty.
4. Flexibility: Jetty supports various types of network communication protocols and transmission methods, such as HTTP, WebSocket, XML RPC, etc.
5. Scalability: Jetty provides rich extension mechanisms that can be extended through plugins and modules.
Disadvantages:
1. The Learning curve is steep: for beginners, if they do not have previous experience in Web service development, they may need to spend some time to learn and understand the use of Jetty.
2. Complex configuration: In some complex scenarios, Jetty's configuration may be quite cumbersome.
The following is the Java sample code for implementing network communication using Jetty, including both client and server code.
Firstly, you need to add Jetty's dependencies to the pom.xml file:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
<artifactId>jetty-server</artifactId>
<version>9.4.40.v20210413</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
Next, we will implement the code for the client and server respectively.
Client code:
import org.eclipse.jetty.client.HttpClient;
import org.eclipse.jetty.client.api.ContentResponse;
import org.eclipse.jetty.client.api.Request;
import org.eclipse.jetty.http.HttpMethod;
public class JettyClientExample {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
httpClient.start();
Request request = httpClient.newRequest("http://localhost:8080")
.method(HttpMethod.GET);
ContentResponse response = request.send();
System.out.println(response.getContentAsString());
httpClient.stop();
}
}
Server code:
import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Request;
import org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server;
import org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.AbstractHandler;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
public class JettyServerExample {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Server server = new Server(8080);
server.setHandler(new HelloHandler());
server.start();
server.join();
}
public static class HelloHandler extends AbstractHandler {
@Override
public void handle(String target, Request baseRequest, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws IOException, ServletException {
response.setContentType("text/html; charset=utf-8");
response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_OK);
baseRequest.setHandled(true);
response.getWriter().println("<h1>Hello, Jetty!</h1>");
}
}
}
In the above example code, the client uses Jetty's HttpClient to send HTTP GET requests to the server, which uses Jetty's Server and Handler to process the requests and respond to a simple HTML page.
Attention:
The server-side code in the example uses Jetty's AbstractHandler, which can be customized according to one's own needs.
2. During runtime, it is necessary to ensure that the local 8080 port is not occupied.
