Detailed analysis of JTA 1.1 framework and transaction processing principle
Detailed analysis of JTA 1.1 framework and transaction processing principle
introduction:
In the current software development process, transaction processing is a very important concept.Affairs processing can ensure atomicity, consistency, isolation and persistence of multiple operations, thereby ensuring the integrity and reliability of the database.To achieve transaction processing, Java provides a standard framework called JTA (Java Transaction API).This article will analyze some basic concepts of the working principle and transaction processing of the JTA 1.1 framework in detail.
1. The basic concept of transaction processing
Before starting to analyze the JTA 1.1 framework, let's take a look at some basic concepts of transaction processing.
1.1 Atomicity: Affairs is an atomic operation unit, or all operations are successfully executed, or all operations are not executed.
1.2 ConsistenCy: Before and after the start of the transaction, the integrity constraints of the database have not been damaged.
1.3 Isolation: Multiple concurrent transactions are separated from each other, and the operation of each transaction will not interfere with other transactions.
1.4 Durability: Once the transaction is submitted, it will change the database permanently.
Second, JTA 1.1 Framework Overview
JTA 1.1 is part of the Java Ee (Enterprise Edition), which provides a set of API to handle distributed transactions.It defines a specification to manage the transactions across multiple participants. These participants can be databases, message queues or other resources.
The JTA 1.1 framework is mainly based on two important interfaces: useRTRANSACTION and TransactionManager.
2.1 UseRTRANSACTION interface
The UserTransaction interface defines a set of methods to control the life cycle of transactions.It allows applications to start, submit or roll back transactions when needed.
The following is a simple example that shows how to use the UserTransAction interface in the Java code:
import javax.transaction.UserTransaction;
// Get the usertransaction object
UserTransaction utx = ...;
try {
// Open transaction
utx.begin();
// Execute transaction operation
// ...
// Submit a transaction
utx.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
// Abnormal, roll back the transaction
utx.rollback();
}
2.2 TransactionManager interface
The TransactionManager interface defines a set of methods to manage the status and life cycle of transactions.It provides methods such as starting, submission, and rollback transactions.
The following is a simple example, showing how to use the TransactionManager interface in Java code::
import javax.transaction.TransactionManager;
// Get transactionManager object
TransactionManager tm = ...;
try {
// Open transaction
tm.begin();
// Execute transaction operation
// ...
// Submit a transaction
tm.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
// Abnormal, roll back the transaction
tm.rollback();
}
3. JTA 1.1 framework working principle
The working principle of the JTA 1.1 framework can be simply summarized as the following steps:
3.1 Get the transaction manager
Applications first need to obtain a transaction manager object that implements the TransactionManager interface, which can usually be obtained through the API provided by the Java EE container.
3.2 Starting transaction
Once the transaction manager object is obtained, the application can call its Begin () method to start a new transaction.
3.3 Executive transaction operation
After the start of the transaction, the application can perform any number of transaction operations, which can involve multiple resources, including databases and message queues.
3.4 Submit a transaction or rollback transaction
Once all transaction operations are executed, the application can submit transactions by calling the Commit () method, or use the Rollback () method to roll back the transaction.The submission of transactions will ensure the atomicity, consistency and persistence of all operations, and rollback will be revoked all operations.
Fourth, summary
The JTA 1.1 framework is one of the standard APIs that implement transaction processing in Java EE.Through the UserTransaction interface and the TransactionManager interface, applications can manage and control the life cycle of transactions.This article analyzes the working principle of the JTA 1.1 framework and gives the corresponding Java code example.
It should be noted that the JTA 1.1 framework is mainly used in the Java EE environment. For Java SE applications, JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) is generally used.