Comparison of the "Slimming HTTP Client" framework in the Java class library and its characteristics
Comparison of the "Slimming HTTP Client" framework in the Java class library and its characteristics
Overview:
With the rapid development of the Internet, HTTP has become one of the most commonly used application layer agreements.In Java development, the HTTP client is often used to communicate with the server.However, HTTPURLCONNECTION or HTTPClient such as HTTPURLLCONNECTINT or HTTPClient in the Java Standard Library is redundant and functional. For some projects, only a small part of the functions will appear bloated.As a result, some "slimming HTTP clients" framework came into being and solved this problem targeted.This article will introduce several common "Slimming HTTP Clients" framework, as well as their characteristics and comparisons.
1. OKHTTP
OKHTTP is an open source Java/Android HTTP client framework, developed by Square.It has the following characteristics:
1. Lightweight: OKHTTP's jar package size is smaller and will not introduce additional dependencies.
2. Simple and easy -to -use: provide a simple and flexible API, which is very convenient to use.
3. High performance: OKHTTP uses mechanisms such as connection pools and asynchronous requests, which can effectively reduce network latency and improve network request efficiency.
4. Support HTTP/2, SPDY and WebSocket: OKHTTP has built -in support for HTTP/2, SPDY and WebSocket, which can provide more powerful functions.
Example code:
OkHttpClient client = new OkHttpClient.Builder()
.connectTimeout(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.build();
Request request = new Request.Builder()
.url("http://example.com")
.build();
Response response = client.newCall(request).execute();
String responseBody = response.body().string();
2. RETROFIT
Retrofit is another excellent HTTP client framework developed by Square. It is based on OKHTTP and is mainly used to convert HTTP API into a Java interface.The characteristics of Retrofit are as follows:
1. Simplifying network requests: Retrofit binds the network request to the Java interface method through the annotation method, which greatly simplifies the process of network requests.
2. Support multiple data parsers: Retrofit not only supports common JSON format data analysis, but also supports a variety of data analysis formats such as XML and Protocol Buffers.
3. Request interceptor: RETROFIT supports custom request interceptors to facilitate operational and request for retry operations.
4. Support RXJAVA: Retrofit binds the use of RXJAVA, which can better handle the asynchronous operation of the network request.
Example code:
Define an interface:
public interface GitHubService {
@GET("users/{user}/repos")
Call<List<Repo>> listRepos(@Path("user") String user);
}
// Create RESTADAPTER object
Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl("https://api.github.com/")
.build();
// Create githubservice object
GitHubService service = retrofit.create(GitHubService.class);
// Call the interface method
Call<List<Repo>> repos = service.listRepos("octocat");
三、Apache HttpClient
Apache HTTPClient is a mature Java HTTP client library, which provides rich functions and APIs. Its characteristics include:
1. Configurable: Apache HTTPClient provides a large number of configuration options that can meet the needs of various complex HTTP scenarios.
2. Multiple connection management methods: Apache HTTPClient supports multiple connection management methods, such as connection pools, connection maintenance, connection reuse, etc., which can improve performance.
3. Support various HTTP protocols: Apache HTTPClient supports HTTP/1.1, HTTP/2, SPDY and other protocols, and provides corresponding API for use.
4. Support synchronization and asynchronous requests: Apache httpclient also supports requests in synchronous and asynchronous methods at the same time, with strong flexibility.
Example code:
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://example.org/");
CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
try {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if (entity != null) {
long len = entity.getContentLength();
if (len != -1 && len < 2048) {
String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
System.out.println(result);
} else {
// The data is too large, you need to use streaming processing
}
}
} finally {
response.close();
}
Comparison and conclusion:
OKHTTP, Retrofit and Apache HTTPClient are all excellent Java HTTP client frameworks, each with its own characteristics.Okhttp and Retrofit are developed by Square. OKHTTP is a lightweight HTTP client library. It is suitable for simple HTTP request scenarios; Retrofit is based on OKHTTP and provides a more concise RESTFUL API access method.EssenceApache HTTPClient is a mature HTTP client library with rich functions and configuration options, suitable for complex HTTP request scenarios.Developers can choose the appropriate HTTP client framework according to project needs and personal preferences.
